New York World's Fair 1939 poster by Joseph Binder — Trylon and Perisphere, crossed searchlights, red aircraft squadron.

DIESELPUNK

"A game designer needed a word. It ended up naming thirty years of the twentieth century."

01 Section One

What It Looks Like

Chicago World's Fair 1933 poster — crimson sky, three gold pylons, a blue deco pavilion.
A Century of Progress, Chicago World's Fair, 1933. Poster. Public domain.

The years between the two world wars, redrawn with more machinery than they actually had.

Period
1918–1945, the interwar years into the Second World War
Power
Petrol and diesel engines, turbines, assembly lines
Materials
Steel, rivets, enamel, bakelite, chrome
Palette
Navy, signal red, deco gold
Places
Factories, airfields, railway terminals, port cities

Both of these posters were selling admission to a fair.

02 Section Two

The Word Arrived in 2001

In 2001 the game designer Lewis Pollak coined "dieselpunk" for his tabletop roleplaying game Children of the Sun, published by Misguided Games in 2002. He wanted a name for a world running on combustion, and the word he built described the whole span from the First World War to the early 1950s.

1945Era ends
2001Word appears
=
56Years apart

The family, in order of arrival:

1984
Cyberpunk
Taken from the title of a short story.
1987
Steampunk
A half-joke in a letter to a magazine.
2001
Dieselpunk
A category invented so a game could be described on a shelf.

This is the point in the family history where the suffix starts working as a product label.

03 Section Three

The Drawings Came First by Eighty-Seven Years

Antonio Sant'Elia power station drawing — teal wash sky, ochre angled buttresses, four chimneys.
La Centrale Elettrica, from La Città Nuova. Antonio Sant'Elia, 1914. Public domain.
Antonio Sant'Elia terminal drawing — a monumental station in fine grey line, external lift towers.
Stazione d'aeroplani e treni, from La Città Nuova. Antonio Sant'Elia, 1914. Public domain.

Antonio Sant'Elia, an Italian architect, drew La Città Nuova in 1914: a city of power stations with cathedral proportions, terminals combining aircraft and railways, apartment blocks stepped back from streets stacked in layers, external lifts climbing the outside of everything. He signed a Futurist manifesto of architecture in the same year. He was killed at the front in 1916, aged twenty-eight, having built almost nothing.

The visual grammar dieselpunk uses — massive stepped concrete, exposed machinery treated as ornament, transport as the organising idea of a city — was complete in those sheets, decades before the war that supplies dieselpunk its costumes.

04 Section Four

Twenty-Five Cents at the Newsstand

Everyday Science and Mechanics, November 1931 — a finned rocket firing four exhaust plumes over a coastline.
Everyday Science and Mechanics, November 1931. Public domain.

Everyday Science and Mechanics, November 1931, edited by Hugo Gernsback. The cover shows a finned passenger rocket over a coastline and the line "Berlin to New York in One Hour — See Page 648." Elsewhere on the same cover: Money Making Inventions, Radio Kinks, Wood and Metal Crafts.

Most people met the diesel-age future in practical magazines that presented it as a timetable, priced at a quarter, shelved beside instructions for building furniture.

05 Section Five

The Three Questions

Which Machine Rules
Internal combustion: the engine, the airframe, the assembly line
Who Holds Power
The state, the industrialist, the general staff
Who Fights Back
The pilot, the private detective, the mechanic with a grudge

Dieselpunk's hero is a competent individual working inside a machine far larger than they are, which is close to the shape cyberpunk would use fifty years later with different hardware.

06 Section Six

The Fandom Named Its Own Split

Jean Carlu 1941 poster — a black gloved hand gripping a spanner, the spanner head forming the O in PRODUCTION.
America's Answer! Production. Jean Carlu, 1941. Public domain.

In July 2008 the online magazine Gatehouse Gazette published an article called "Discovering Dieselpunk," which set down two modes that had been identified by another online magazine, The Flying Fortress. Each was named after the writer who argued for it:

A
Ottensian
After Nick Ottens — the Roaring Twenties continuing undisturbed by war or economic collapse, world's-fair optimism, chrome, the world of tomorrow arriving on schedule.
B
Piecraftian
After a writer publishing as Piecraft — the aesthetics of the two world wars, and the proposition that a culture under permanent total mobilisation stops developing.

Jean Carlu's 1941 poster belongs squarely to the second reading: a hand, a spanner, and a single word.

A genre whose own readers formally divided it in two and named the halves after two people from a forum, one of them writing under a pen name.

07 Section Seven

Where You Meet It

Metropolis in 1927 and Things to Come in 1936 supplied the pictures long before the label existed. The modern examples are largely games and game-shaped films: Command & Conquer: Red Alert in 1996, Sky Captain and the World of Tomorrow in 2004, BioShock in 2007.

The medium carrying it now is the medium it was named in.

"The era closed in 1945. The word for it arrived fifty-six years later, out of a small-press game, and has long outlasted the game."